Intermediate 2 nd Year - Genesis

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Subjects Covered: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry

MATHEMATICS IIA SYLLABUS

Unit 1: Complex Numbers

Complex Numbers as Ordered Pairs of Real Numbers – Fundamental Operations – Representation in the form a + ib – Modulus and Amplitude – Geometrical and Polar Representation – Argand Plane and Argand Diagram.

Unit 2: De Moivre’s Theorem

De Moivre’s Theorem for Integral and Rational Indices – nth Roots of Unity – Geometrical Interpretations and Applications.

Unit 3: Quadratic Expressions

Quadratic Expressions – Quadratic Equations in One Variable – Sign of Quadratic Expressions – Change of Signs – Maximum and Minimum Values – Quadratic Inequalities.

Unit 4: Theory of Equations

Relations Between Roots and Coefficients – Equations with Related Roots – Equations with Real Coefficients – Complex Conjugate Roots – Transformation of Equations – Reciprocal Equations.

Unit 5: Permutations and Combinations

Fundamental Principle of Counting – Linear and Circular Permutations – Permutations of n Dissimilar Objects – Permutations with Repetition – Combinations and Related Theorems.

Unit 6: Binomial Theorem

Binomial Theorem for Positive Integral Index – Binomial Theorem for Rational Index – Approximations Using Binomial Theorem.

Unit 7: Partial Fractions

Partial Fractions with Non-Repeated Linear Factors – Repeated Linear Factors – Irreducible Quadratic Factors.

Unit 8: Measures of Dispersion

Range – Mean Deviation – Variance – Standard Deviation – Coefficient of Variation – Analysis of Frequency Distributions. 

Unit 9: Probability

Random Experiments and Events – Classical Definition of Probability – Axiomatic Approach – Addition Theorem – Independent and Dependent Events – Conditional Probability – Multiplication Theorem – Bayes’ Theorem.

Unit 10: Random Variables and Probability Distributions

Random Variables – Binomial Distribution – Poisson Distribution.

MATHEMATICS IIB SYLLABUS

Unit 1: Circle

Equation of Circle – Centre and Radius – Circle Through Three Non-Collinear Points – Parametric Equations – Position of a Point Relative to a Circle – Power of a Point – Tangents and Normals – Chord of Contact – Pole and Polar – Conjugate Points and Lines – Relative Position of Two Circles – Common Tangents – Centres of Similitude.

Unit 2: System of Circles

Angle Between Two Intersecting Circles – Radical Axis – Common Chord – Common Tangent – Radical Centre – Intersection of a Line and Circle.

Unit 3: Parabola

Conic Sections – Standard Equation of Parabola – Different Forms of Parabola – Parametric Equations – Tangents and Normals – Conditions for Tangency.

Unit 4: Ellipse

Standard Equation of Ellipse – Parametric Equations – Tangents and Normals – Conditions for Tangency.

Unit 5: Hyperbola

Standard Equation of Hyperbola – Parametric Equations – Tangents and Normals – Conditions for Tangency – Asymptotes.

Unit 6: Integration

Integration as the Inverse Process of Differentiation – Standard Integrals – Properties of Integrals – Substitution Method – Integration by Parts – Partial Fractions Method – Reduction Formulae.

Unit 7: Definite Integrals

Definite Integral as Limit of Sum – Area Interpretation – Fundamental Theorem of Integral Calculus – Properties – Reduction Formulae – Applications to Area.

Unit 8: Differential Equations

Formation of Differential Equations – Degree and Order – Variable Separable Method – Homogeneous Differential Equations – Non-Homogeneous Differential Equations – Linear Differential Equations.

PHYSICS SYLLABUS

Unit 1: Waves

Transverse and Longitudinal Waves – Progressive Waves – Wave Speed – Principle of Superposition – Reflection of Waves – Beats – Doppler Effect.

Unit 2: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Reflection by Spherical Mirrors – Refraction – Total Internal Reflection – Refraction Through Lenses and Prisms – Dispersion – Optical Phenomena Due to Sunlight – Optical Instruments.

Unit 3: Wave Optics

Huygens Principle – Reflection and Refraction Using Huygens Principle – Coherent and Incoherent Waves – Interference – Young’s Double Slit Experiment – Diffraction – Polarisation.

Unit 4: Electric Charges and Fields

Electric Charges – Conductors and Insulators – Charging by Induction – Coulomb’s Law – Electric Field – Electric Flux – Electric Dipole – Gauss’s Law and Applications.

Unit 5: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Electrostatic Potential – Potential Due to Charges and Dipoles – Equipotential Surfaces – Potential Energy – Electrostatics of Conductors – Dielectrics – Capacitors – Combination of Capacitors – Energy Stored in Capacitors – Van de Graaff Generator.

Unit 6: Current Electricity

Electric Current – Ohm’s Law – Drift Velocity – Resistivity – Electric Power – Series and Parallel Resistors – Cells and Internal Resistance – Kirchhoff’s Laws – Wheatstone Bridge – Meter Bridge – Potentiometer.

Unit 7: Moving Charges and Magnetism

Magnetic Force – Motion in Magnetic Fields – Biot-Savart Law – Ampere’s Circuital Law – Solenoid and Toroid – Torque on Current Loop – Moving Coil Galvanometer.

Unit 8: Magnetism and Matter

Bar Magnet – Earth’s Magnetism – Magnetisation – Magnetic Intensity – Magnetic Properties of Materials – Electromagnets.

Unit 9: Electromagnetic Induction

Faraday’s Laws – Lenz’s Law – Motional EMF – Eddy Currents – Inductance – AC Generator.

Unit 10: Alternating Current

AC Through Resistor, Inductor and Capacitor – LCR Circuits – Power Factor – LC Oscillations – Transformers.

Unit 11: Electromagnetic Waves

Displacement Current – Electromagnetic Waves – Electromagnetic Spectrum.

Unit 12: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Photoelectric Effect – Einstein’s Photoelectric Equation – Photon Concept – Wave Nature of Matter – Davisson-Germer Experiment.

Unit 13: Atoms

Rutherford Model – Atomic Spectra – Bohr Model – Hydrogen Spectrum – Quantisation of Angular Momentum.

Unit 14: Nuclei

Composition of Nucleus – Nuclear Size – Binding Energy – Nuclear Forces – Radioactivity – Nuclear Energy.

Unit 15: Semiconductor Electronics

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors – p-n Junction – Diodes – Rectifiers – Junction Transistors – Logic Gates – Integrated Circuits.

Unit 16: Communication Systems

Elements of Communication Systems – Bandwidth – Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves – Modulation – Amplitude Modulation – Detection of Modulated Waves.

CHEMISTRY SYLLABUS

Unit 1: Solid State

General Characteristics of Solids – Amorphous and Crystalline Solids – Classification of Crystalline Solids – X-ray Crystallography – Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells – Number of Atoms in a Unit Cell – Close Packed Structures – Packing Efficiency – Calculations Involving Unit Cell Dimensions – Imperfections in Solids – Electrical Properties – Magnetic Properties.

Unit 2: Solutions

Types of Solutions – Concentration of Solutions – Solubility – Vapour Pressure of Liquid Solutions – Ideal and Non-Ideal Solutions – Colligative Properties – Determination of Molar Mass – Abnormal Molar Masses.

Unit 3: Electrochemistry and Chemical Kinetics

Electrochemical Cells – Galvanic Cells – Nernst Equation – Conductance of Electrolytic Solutions – Electrolytic Cells and Electrolysis – Batteries – Fuel Cells – Corrosion – Rate of Chemical Reactions – Factors Affecting Reaction Rate – Integrated Rate Equations – Pseudo First Order Reactions – Temperature Dependence of Reaction Rates – Collision Theory.

Unit 4: Surface Chemistry

Adsorption – Catalysis – Colloids – Classification of Colloids – Emulsions – Colloids Around Us.

Unit 5: General Principles of Metallurgy

Occurrence of Metals – Concentration of Ores – Extraction of Crude Metals – Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy – Electrochemical Principles of Metallurgy – Oxidation and Reduction – Refining of Metals – Uses of Aluminium, Copper, Zinc and Iron.

Unit 6: p-Block Elements

Group 15: Dinitrogen – Ammonia – Oxides of Nitrogen – Nitric Acid – Phosphorus and its Allotropes – Phosphine – Phosphorus Halides – Oxoacids of Phosphorus.
Group 16: Dioxygen – Oxides – Ozone – Sulphur and its Allotropes – Sulphur Dioxide – Oxoacids of Sulphur – Sulphuric Acid.
Group 17: Chlorine – Hydrogen Chloride – Oxoacids of Halogens – Interhalogen Compounds.
Group 18: Noble Gases – Occurrence – Electronic Configuration – Physical and Chemical Properties.

Unit 7: d and f Block Elements & Coordination Compounds

Transition Elements – Electronic Configuration – Properties of d-Block Elements – Important Compounds – Inner Transition Elements – Actinoids – Applications of d and f Block Elements – Werner’s Theory – Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds – Isomerism – Bonding – Metal Carbonyls – Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds.

Unit 8: Polymers

Classification of Polymers – Polymerization Reactions – Molecular Mass of Polymers – Biodegradable Polymers – Commercially Important Polymers.

Unit 9: Biomolecules

Carbohydrates – Proteins – Enzymes – Vitamins – Nucleic Acids – Hormones.

Unit 10: Chemistry in Everyday Life

Drugs and their Classification – Drug-Target Interaction – Therapeutic Action of Drugs – Chemicals in Food – Cleansing Agents.

Unit 11: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

Classification – Nature of C–X Bond – Methods of Preparation – Physical Properties – Chemical Reactions – Polyhalogen Compounds.

Unit 12: Organic Compounds Containing C, H and O

Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers: Classification – Nomenclature – Structure – Physical and Chemical Properties – Commercially Important Alcohols – Ethers.
Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature – Structure – Preparation – Physical and Chemical Properties – Uses.
Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature – Structure – Preparation – Physical and Chemical Properties – Uses.

Unit 13: Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

Amines – Structure – Classification – Nomenclature – Preparation – Physical and Chemical Properties.
Diazonium Salts – Preparation – Properties – Reactions – Synthetic Applications.
Cyanides and Isocyanides – Structure and Preparation.